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007) Abu el-‘Alayiq South, Tell

[PADIS code 0016]

Arabic: تلول أبو العلايق الجنوبي

Site location: Lat. +31° 51' 6.31" N; Long. +35° 26' 10.74" E.

Site extension: see Tell Abu el-‘Alayiq North.

State of preservation: preserved.

Disturbance: modern cultivations.

Occupational periods: Pottery Neolithic B, Late Chalcolithic, Early Bronze I, Early Bronze II-III, Early Bronze IV, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Middle Islamic, Ottoman.

Plates: I, III-VII, XI-XX.

 

 

Pottery Neolithic B

Site typology: occupational layers.

Domestic architecture: occupational layers.

Material culture: pottery.

Bibliography: Pritchard 1958, 14-16, 20 (diagnostic sherds: pls. 22:3, 30:11-12, 31:6-7, 12-13).

 

Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze I

Site typology: village.

Domestic architecture: occupational layers.

Material culture: flint tools, pottery (among which Grey Burnished Ware).

Bibliography: Kelso - Baramki 1955, 8-10, pls. 1, 10, 33, 35; Pritchard 1958, 17-21, 42-48 (diagnostic sherds: pls. 22:12, 37, 57:27-35, 41-43, 54-55, 56); Foerster 1993.

 

Early Bronze II

Site typology: village.

Domestic architecture: occupational layers.

Material culture: flint tools, pottery.

Bibliography: Pritchard 1958, 14-16, 20 (diagnostic sherds: pls. 23: 6, 28:1-4, 7-8, 10, 57:46).

 

Early Bronze III

Site typology: village.

Domestic architecture: occupational layers.

Material culture: flint tools, pottery.

Bibliography: Pritchard 1958, 14-16 (diagnostic sherds: pls. 21:10, 22:16, 24:11, 28:5, 29:2-3, 6, 57:22, 40, 45).

 

Early Bronze IV

Site typology: village.

Domestic architecture: occupational layers.

Material culture: pottery.

Bibliography: Pritchard 1958, 14-16, 20 (diagnostic sherds: pls. 21:8, 29:1, 4-5).

 

Hellenistic Period

Site typology: fortress.

Public architecture: fortress.

Material culture: pottery.

Bibliography: Netzer 2001a, 325-326; Greenberg - Keinan 2009, 71-72, site n. 357.

 

Roman Period

Site typology: palace complex.

Public architecture: Herodian villa (pre-Third Palace phase), Herod's First Palace, Herod's Third Palace (southern wing), bathhouse (related to Herod's Third Palace).

Domestic architecture: houses (pre-Third Palace phase), villa (post-Herodian Period), pits (post-Herodian Period: 2nd century AD).

Material culture: frescoes, column drums, capitals, mosaics, opus sectile floors, stone basins and furniture, glass, coins, Terra Sigillata Ware, pottery.

Bibliography: Conder - Kitchener 1883, 224-225; Sellin - Watzinger - Nöldecke 1909, 30-36; Sellin - Watzinger 1913, 12, fig. 4; Kelso 1950; Pritchard 1951; 1958, 1-14, 21, pls. 1-19, 53 (diagnostic sherds: pls. 40, 42, 45-47); North 1967; Kelso - Baramki 1955, 3-8, 10-13, pls. 1-3, 6-9, 18-21, 33-36, 38-40; North 1956; Johnson 1958, 24-29, pl. 60; Meshel 1973; Netzer 1974, 28-36; 1975, 93-100; 1977, 7-12, figs. 10-13; 1982, 48-49; 1983, 51; 1986; 1990, 44-46, figs. 9, 12; 1993, 687-690; 1999, 32-34, 40-54; 2001a, 7-10, 229-298, 317-324, 326-330, 339-341; 2001b; 2006, 45-49, 54-72; 2008, 45-49, 54-72; Gleason 1985; Nigro, F. 1998, 208-209; Donceel-Voûte 1999, 100-105; Netzer - Bar-Nathan 2002, 17-19, 119-121; Meshorer 2004; Yahya 2007, 15-17; Rozenberg 2008; Greenberg - Keinan 2009, 71-72, site n. 357.

 

Byzantine Period

Site typology: village (?).

Domestic architecture: houses.

Funerary Architecture: mausoleum.

Material culture: pottery.

Bibliography: Pritchard 1958, pl. 19:2-3 (diagnostic sherds: pl. 19:2-3, 41); Netzer 1977; 1993, 691; 2001a, 286, fig. 429.

 

Early Islamic Period

Site typology: fortress.

Public architecture: fortress.

Material culture: inscribed marble slab, coins, pottery.

Bibliography: Kelso - Baramki 1955, 39-41; Miles 1958, 24, 29-40, pls. 61-62; Pritchard 1958, 21-23 (diagnostic sherds: pl. 51:1-6); Netzer 1993, 691; 2001a, 10, 341; Cirelli - Zagari 2000, 368-369.

 

Middle Islamic Period

Site typology: scattered materials.

Material culture: coins.

Bibliography: Miles 1958, 40.

 

Ottoman Period

Site typology: scattered materials.

Material culture: coins.

Bibliography: Miles 1958, 41.

 

Bibliography

Cirelli, E. - Zagari, F.
2000 "Gerico in epoca bizantina e islamica, Problemi e proposte di ricerca", in Archeologia Medievale 27 (2000), pp. 365-376 (in particular 368-369).
Conder, C.R. - Kitchener, H.H.
1883 The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Volume III. Sheets XVII-XXVI. Judaea, London 1883 (in particular pp. 224-225).
Donceel-Voûte, P.
1999 "Jéricho Asmonéenne et Hérodienne", in Dossier d'Archéologie 240 (Jan./Fév. 1999), pp. 98-105 (in particular pp. 99-105).
Foerster, G.
1993 "Tulul Abu el-‘Alayiq. The Chalcolithic Settlement", in E. Stern (ed.), The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Vol. 3, Jerusalem 1993, p. 683.
Gleason, K.L.
1985 "Garden Excavations at the Herodian Winter Palaces in Jericho", in Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society 7 (1985), pp. 21-39.
Greenberg, R. - Keinan, A.
2009 Israeli Archaeological Activity in the West Bank 1967-2007. A Sourcebook, Jerusalem 2009 (in particular pp. 71-72, site n. 357, map 2).
Johnson, S.E.
1958 "Catalogue of Roman Coins", in Pritchard 1958, pp. 24-29.
Kelso, J.L.
1950 "The First Campaign of Excavation in New Testament Jericho", in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 120 (1950), pp. 11-22.
Kelso, J.L. - Baramki, D.C.
1955 Excavations at New Testament Jericho and Khirbet en-Nitla (Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 29-30), New Haven 1955.
Meshel, Z.
1973 "A New Interpretation of the Finds at Herodian Jericho", in Eretz Israel 11 (1973), pp. 194-196 (Hebr.), 28* (Engl.).
Meshorer, Y.
2004 "The Coins", in E. Netzer - R. Laureys-Chachy - Y. Meshorer (eds.), Hasmonean and Herodian Palaces at Jericho. Final Reports of the 1973-1987 Excavations. Volume II, Jerusalem 2004, pp. 289-312.
Miles, J.C.
1958 "Catalogue of Islamic Coins", in Pritchard 1958, pp. 29-41.
Netzer, E.
1974 "The Hasmonean and Herodian Winter Palaces at Jericho", in Qadmoniot 7/1-2 (25-26) (1974), pp. 27-36 (Hebr.) (in particular pp. 28-36).
1975 "The Hasmonean and Herodian Winter Palaces at Jericho", in Israel Exploration Journal 25 (1975), pp. 89-100 (in particular pp. 89-92).
1977 "The Winter Palaces of Judean Kings at Jericho at the End of the Second Temple", in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 228 (1977), pp. 1-13 (in particular pp. 7-12, figs. 10-13).
1982 "Jericho, Winter Palaces", in Excavations and Surveys in Israel 1 (1983), pp. 44-49 (in particular pp. 48-49).
1983 "Jericho - Winter Palaces", in Excavations and Surveys in Israel 2 (1983), pp. 50-51.
1986 "Jericho", in Excavations and Surveys in Israel 5 (1986), p. 55.
1990 "Architecture in Palestine Prior and During the Days of Herod the Great", in Akten des XIII. Internationalen Kongresses für Klassische Archäeologie, Berlin 1988, Mainz am-Rhein 1990, pp. 37-50 (in particular pp. 44-46, figs. 9-12).
1993 "Tulul Abu el-‘Alayiq", in E. Stern (ed.), The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Vol. 2, Jerusalem 1993, pp. 682-691 (in particular pp. 687-690).
1999 Die Paläste der Hasmonäer und Herodes’ des Groβen (Antike Welt Sonderhefe, Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie), Manz am Rhein 1999 (in particular pp. 32-34, 40-54).
2001a Hasmonean and Herodian Palaces at Jericho: Final Reports of the 1973-1987 Excavations. Volume I: Stratigraphy and Architecture, Jerusalem 2001 (in particular pp. 7-8, 229-299, 317-330, 339-341).
2001b Palaces of the Hasmoneans and Herod The Great (Studies in Biblical History and Archaeology), Jerusalem 2001.
2006 The Architecture of Herod, the Great Builder, Tübingen 2006 (in particular pp. 45-49, 54-72).
2008 The Architecture of Herod the Great Builder, Grand Rapids, MI 2008 (in particular pp. 45-49, 54-72).
Netzer, E. - Bar-Nathan, R.
2002 "Stratigraphy and Chronology of the Winter Palaces at Jericho", in R. Bar-Nathan (ed.), Hasmonean and Herodian Palaces at Jericho. Final Reports of the 1973-1987 Excavations. Volume III: the Pottery, Jerusalem 2002, pp. 13-20 (in particular p. 17-19).
Nigro, F.
1998 "Il parco archeologico per la conservazione e la valorizzazione di Tell es-Sultan, antica Gerico", in N. Marchetti - L. Nigro (eds.), Scavi a Gerico, 1997. Relazione preliminare sulla prima campagna di scavi e prospezioni archeologiche a Tell es-Sultan, Palestina (Quaderni di Gerico I), Roma 1998, pp. 205-223 (in particular pp. 208-209).
North, R.
1956 "Review of «Excavations at New Testament Jericho»", in Biblica 37 (1956), pp. 515-519 (in particular pp. 515-518).
1967 Les Fouilles dans la region de Jéricho, Rome 1967 (in particular pp. 73-79).
Pritchard, J.B.
1951 "The 1951 Campaign at Herodian Jericho", in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 123 (1951), pp. 8-17.
1958 The Excavation at Herodian Jericho 1951 (Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 32-33), New Haven 1958.
Rozenberg, S.
2008 Hasmonean and Herodian Palaces at Jericho. Volume IV. The Decoration of Herod's Third Palace at Jericho, Jerusalem 2008.
Sellin, E. - Watzinger, C.
1913 Jericho. Die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen (Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichung der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 22), Leipzig 1913 (in particular p. 12, fig. 4).
Sellin, E. - Watzinger, C. - Nöldecke, A.
1909 "Vorläufige Nachrichten über die Ausgrabung in Jericho im Frühjahr 1909", in Mitteilungen des Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin 41 (1909), pp. 1-36 (in particular pp. 30-36).
Yahya, A.
2007 PACE Tourguide of Jericho & Vicinity. Historical, Archaeological and Religious Sites, Ramallah 2007 (in particular pp. 15-17).