11. Conclusions

The joint Italian-Palestinian Expedition at Tell es-Sultan has provided new insights into the urban structure of the Bronze Age city, focusing not only on the fortification sys�tems, but also on the detailed urban history throughout the III and II millennia BC, and on the changes in material culture, in order to get a closer historical understanding of the archaeology of Jericho and the southern Jordan Valley. In the years which followed the forced stop of activities on the field (2001-2005), the Expedition continued to study materials, publishing a series of studies and articles. Moreover, the team of Rome �La Sapienza� University started a series of study programs with a group of PhD students, focused on the archaeology of Jericho and Palestine[60]. The same team is, of course, eager of resuming resto�ration and excavation activities at Tell es-Sultan, however, with the aware�ness that such activities are conceivable only within the overall project of the Archaeological Park of the Jericho Oasis under the supervision of the Department of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage of the Palestinian National Authority.